Interrogation
Warming-up.
In your own words try to explain the following terms:
Interviewing
Questioning
Interrogation
Investigation
Read the following text and check if your ideas of the notions mentioned above were right.
Make sure you understand the meaning of the following words and word-combinations:
a suspect
to become suspicious
circumstantial evidence
to detain the suspect.
to link the suspect to the crime.
law enforcement officers
intelligence agencies
a diverse array of techniques
to solve the crime
to complete an interrogation.
an interrogee
Interrogation
Interviewing a possible suspect is the first stage and the lowest level of interaction. In fact, the person is not even definable as a suspect at this point. The investigator receiving a statement report from such a person may become suspicious that they are not being truthful; however, until those suspicions are confirmed by evidence that meets the test of forming reasonable grounds for belief, the investigator may continue to talk to this possible suspect
Questioning a suspect is the next level of interaction. For a suspect to be questioned, there will be some type of circumstantial evidence that allows the investigator to detain that suspect.
Interrogation is the most serious level of questioning a suspect, and interrogation is the process that occurs once reasonable grounds for belief have been established, and after the suspect has been placed under arrest for the offence being investigated. Reasonable grounds for belief to make such an arrest require some form of direct evidence or strong circumstantial evidence that links the suspect to the crime.
Interrogation is interviewing as commonly employed by law enforcement officers, military personnel, and intelligence agencies with the goal of eliciting useful information. Interrogation may involve a diverse array of techniques, ranging from developing a rapport with the subject to outright torture.
An interrogation, in law enforcement, is when a representative from the agency collects information about a crime by questioning suspects, victims, or witnesses. The ultimate goal to an interrogation is to solve the crime.
An interrogation with a suspect can last a few minutes to several hours. An important factor to interrogations is that law enforcement agents can continue questioning suspects until they ask for a lawyer. Additionally, the law enforcement agents are not allowed to use cruel and unusual punishment during the interrogation. Cruel and unusual punishment includes using physical force on a detained suspect. Getting a suspect to answer questions during an interrogation can be challenging but law enforcement agents have to use lawful techniques when completing an interrogation.
It is simply a technique of seeking information from someone who is not willing to part with it voluntarily.
Investigation is a systematic process of finding out why an incident happened or why it did not happen. Who all are responsible for the same and/ or who all did not do enough to prevent it from happening.
Interrogation can be part of investigation or it can be a complete investigation in itself. Interrogation can give a completely different direction to any investigation or conclude it.
An investigation is normally aimed at gathering evidence to support a theory but an interrogation is normally aimed at generating clues to take the investigation forward. An interrogation can lead to a fresh investigation and an investigation may require fresh interrogations.
Computer Assisted Interrogation (CAINT) is a system of computer programs for use in man-machine communications. Its principal function is to enable a computer to elicit information from a man by interrogating him-asking him a program of questions where the program follows a logical course depending both on information available before the interrogation started and on that gained during the interrogation. The information acquired is intended to be put to immediate practical use, in updating a data base, generating reports, or driving other interrogations. During the course of an interrogation, the interrogee will be given information as well as asked questions, and he may ask his own questions, as well as provide answers. Thus, a CAINT interrogation is truly conversational, with information and questions flowing in both directions. The conversation, particularly in the machine-to-man direction, is somewhat stereotyped, the machine's versatility being limited by a repertoire of generalized, fragmented statements which are particularized and assembled for use as needed. The conversational range of the computer, then, depends upon a system user's versatility in designing these statements-a process somewhat akin to computer programming.
Questions to discuss:
- What is interrogation?
- What does the word “interviewing” refer to?
- What is the difference between interrogation and interviewing?
- What does CAINT stand for?
- What are the main advantages of CAINT?